A dispute is easier to assess when the record shows what was promised, what happened, and what remedy is sought. The first task is not to choose the strongest-sounding accusation. It is to assemble a reliable file and identify any urgent legal step, while separating commercial preferences from the remedies available under the contract and law.

Identify the parties and the disputed obligation

Use the exact legal names in the contract and explain each participant’s role. State whether the issue concerns payment, delay, quality, title, possession, or another obligation. A developer, contractor, property manager, and sales agent should not be treated as interchangeable. Ask counsel which person or entity could be responsible for the particular claim and what evidence is needed to establish that connection.

Build a chronology supported by documents

List the key events with dates and references to agreements, notices, drawings, inspections, payment records, and correspondence. Include facts that complicate your position. Preserve original electronic material and document versions; an edited collection of favorable screenshots may omit essential context. Technical issues may also require expert assessment. Keep a separate list of missing records and who may lawfully be able to provide them.

Read the dispute clause with current law

Determine whether the agreement contains an arbitration clause or a provision addressing court proceedings, and ask counsel to assess its effect. China’s revised Arbitration Law took effect on March 1, 2026, making older procedural summaries potentially incomplete. The appropriate route depends on the agreement, dispute, and applicable rules. Do not assume that either party can freely choose between arbitration and litigation in every case.

Identify urgency before negotiating at length

Ask promptly about limitation periods, contract notices, evidence preservation, and any need for interim protection. These questions can have different legal tests and time limits. Ongoing discussions should not be treated as automatic protection against every deadline. If there is a concern about lost evidence or assets, explain the concrete facts to counsel rather than taking unauthorized possession or interfering with another party’s property.

Define what a resolution would require

State the practical result sought: payment, repair, delivery, document cooperation, or an agreed exit. For a proposed settlement, identify amounts, dates, required actions, release terms, and consequences of nonperformance. Ask how the agreement or eventual decision could be enforced. A favorable conclusion on paper may still require further steps, so discuss costs, implementation, and realistic uncertainties before deciding how to proceed.

Your working file

What to prepare

  • Identify the exact parties, obligation, and desired remedy.
  • Create a document-linked chronology and preserve original evidence.
  • Have the forum clause and applicable deadlines reviewed.
  • Consider implementation and enforcement when evaluating settlement.

Reference points: PRC Civil Code; National People’s Congress, 2025 revision of the Arbitration Law, effective March 1, 2026. General information reviewed September 30, 2026.